Poland is preparing to restrict Chinese-made vehicles from accessing strategic and military facilities over concerns about sensitive data collection.
Poland's intelligence agencies are on high alert. The country's Ministry of National Defense has confirmed plans to ban Chinese-made vehicles from strategic and military-sensitive locations. The move is driven by concerns that vehicles equipped with communication technologies could be used to collect sensitive data. The government began taking concrete steps after the release of a study titled "Smartphones on Wheels." Poland is set to become the third NATO country, after the United States and the United Kingdom, to actively defend against espionage involving Chinese vehicles.
A spokesperson for Poland's Ministry of National Defense confirmed several weeks ago that the government in Warsaw is working on restrictions that would prevent Chinese-made vehicles from entering protected facilities.
According to local media, the order is expected to be issued by Polish General Wiesław Kukuła, who also serves as Chief of the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces. The military wants to prevent these vehicles from parking or remaining in the immediate vicinity of military installations.
Polish officials have openly echoed concerns recently raised by the United Kingdom and the United States. The military says the measures are based on information security concerns.
The situation escalated in December after Poland's Center for Eastern Studies published a report titled "Smartphones on Wheels," referring to Chinese vehicles equipped with telecommunications systems. These vehicles can scan their surroundings to a certain extent, communicate with infrastructure, and collect geolocation data.
The concern goes beyond the passive receipt, collection, and transmission of information. According to Paulina Uznańska, deputy head of the China team at the Center for Eastern Studies, "smart vehicles" are also vulnerable to additional risks.
In the context of cybersecurity, any internet-connected vehicle could become an "attack tool." Poland's state news agency PAP states that "it could, for example, result in the disruption of sensors, which could lead to serious traffic accidents."
"First and foremost, it is a gigantic long-range sensor platform. Such a system collects information not only about the vehicle's immediate surroundings, but also about where it is going and which networks and devices it interacts with," said Michał Bogusz of the Center for Eastern Studies. He added, "A dozen such vehicles create an entire network of sensors controlled by a single system."
A few days later, China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs responded in a largely expected manner. "China believes that the misuse of the concept of national security should be stopped," Guo Jiakun, spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, told PAP.